What does scapegoat theory suggest?

Scapegoat theory posits that prejudice serves as a mechanism for individuals to express their frustration or anger by placing blame on others, particularly those who are perceived as weaker or less powerful. This theory explains that when individuals face hardships or stress, they may redirect their feelings of frustration onto a scapegoat—often a marginalized group—seeing them as responsible for their problems. This psychological projection provides a way for individuals to release their pent-up emotions in a socially acceptable manner, all while fostering an environment for discrimination and prejudice to thrive.

The other options delve into different aspects of prejudice and discrimination but do not capture the essence of scapegoat theory in the same way. The first option focuses on misunderstanding, which doesn't address the functional aspect of blame. The third option relates to internal factors without considering the social element of blaming others. Lastly, the fourth option mentions the learning of discrimination, which does not tie directly into the emotional release and blame inherent in scapegoat theory. Overall, the notion that prejudice affords an outlet for frustration through blame succinctly captures the core idea behind scapegoat theory.