What does the term 'reactance' refer to in psychology?

The term 'reactance' in psychology refers to a resistance to perceived threats to one's freedom of choice and autonomy. This concept is rooted in the idea that individuals value their personal freedoms and will often react negatively when they feel that these freedoms are being restricted or threatened. When faced with such a threat, people may engage in behaviors that are contrary to the limits imposed on them. This can manifest as a strong desire to assert their independence, leading to behaviors aimed at restoring their perceived lost freedom.

In the context of this question, the correct answer highlights the essence of reactance, which is fundamentally about the response to perceived constraints on one's freedom. It recognizes that when individuals feel pressured or constrained, they are likely to react in a way that strives to regain that freedom, often resulting in opposition to the source of the constraint. Understanding reactance can help explain various social behaviors, including resistance to authority or social pressures.