What effect does ingroup bias typically have on group behavior?

Ingroup bias refers to the tendency to favor one’s own group over others, which can significantly influence group behavior. When ingroup bias is prominent, individuals are more likely to exhibit favoritism towards members of their own group, leading to a stronger sense of identity and solidarity within that group. This bias often manifests in the form of competition with outgroups.

This competitive dynamic can arise because ingroup members may perceive outgroups as threats to their status, resources, or shared identity. As a result, the group may engage in behaviors designed to position themselves advantageously relative to the outgroup, such as striving for limited resources or asserting dominance in social settings. The presence of ingroup bias can escalate rivalries and foster negative stereotypes about outgroups, which further entrenches divides.

In contrast, the incorrect options do not align with the characteristics of ingroup bias. The idea that ingroup bias promotes cooperation among all groups overlooks the inherent tendency to favor one's own group while discriminating against others. Suggesting neutral interactions with outsiders fails to account for the often competitive nature driven by ingroup favoritism. Lastly, the idea of encouraging diversity within the ingroup conflicts with the notion of bias, which typically leads to homogeneity and the reinforcement of existing group norms