What is the contact hypothesis?

The contact hypothesis is a well-established theory in social psychology which proposes that increased contact between members of different groups can lead to a reduction in prejudice and discrimination. This concept suggests that when individuals from diverse backgrounds interact with each other, they are more likely to challenge their own biases, develop empathy, and recognize shared humanity.

The underlying assumption of the contact hypothesis is that under certain conditions—such as equal status among group members, common goals, and institutional support—contact can facilitate positive change in intergroup attitudes and reduce tensions. This idea has been supported through numerous studies, demonstrating that meaningful interactions can transform how individuals perceive one another across cultural and social lines.

In contrast, other choices reference misconceptions or alternate perspectives. One asserts that conflict arises from mixed groups, which overlooks how constructive interactions can foster understanding rather than perpetuate division. Another suggests that contact leads to isolation, ignoring the potential for social bonds and connections that derive from intergroup interaction. Lastly, the notion that contact enhances stereotypes contradicts the empirical findings that show how positive interactions can alleviate rather than reinforce prejudices. Thus, the principle captured by the contact hypothesis highlights the transformative power of interpersonal connections in promoting social harmony.