What is the difference between internal and external locus of control?

The concept of internal and external locus of control revolves around how individuals perceive the factors that influence their lives and outcomes. An internal locus of control refers to the belief that one has control over their life circumstances and that their own actions, decisions, and efforts directly affect the outcomes they experience. This perspective encourages responsibility and a proactive attitude towards challenges, as individuals with an internal locus tend to take ownership of their experiences and seek ways to improve their situations through their own efforts.

In contrast, an external locus of control reflects the belief that outcomes are largely determined by external forces, such as luck, fate, or the actions of others. Individuals with this mindset may feel that they have little power over what happens to them, which can lead to a sense of helplessness or decreased motivation to change their circumstances.

Understanding this distinction is crucial in social psychology, as it influences motivation, coping strategies, and mental well-being. Individuals with an internal locus often exhibit greater resilience and a stronger drive to achieve their goals compared to those with an external locus, who might attribute success or failure to external conditions rather than their personal efforts.