What role does empathy play in prosocial behavior?

Empathy plays a vital role in promoting prosocial behavior by enabling individuals to connect with and understand the feelings and experiences of others. When a person feels empathy, they can appreciate another's emotional state, which often motivates them to respond positively to that individual’s needs. This emotional resonance encourages altruistic actions, such as offering help or support, as the empathetic person recognizes the value of contributing to the well-being of others.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the function of empathy. Competition among individuals, for instance, tends to foster divisiveness rather than cooperation and care; empathy, on the other hand, creates a sense of shared humanity that enhances connection. Rather than creating barriers to understanding, empathy breaks them down, facilitating interpersonal connections and fostering understanding. Lastly, while selfish behavior focuses on self-interest, empathy directs individuals towards caring for others, counteracting tendencies toward selfishness. Therefore, the correct choice highlights the essential link between empathy and positive responses to the needs of others, illustrating its fundamental contribution to prosocial behaviors.