Which term describes the tendency to believe that external characteristics dictate behaviors within a group?

The correct answer is stereotyping, which refers to the process of attributing specific characteristics, behaviors, or qualities to individuals based on their perceived membership in a particular group. This often leads to assumptions about a person's actions or traits based solely on external characteristics, such as their race, gender, or other group affiliations.

In social psychology, stereotyping can have significant implications, as it oversimplifies the complexities of human behavior by categorizing individuals without considering their unique circumstances or personal attributes. This tendency reinforces preconceived notions and can lead to biased perceptions and discriminatory behaviors within a group context.

Understanding stereotyping is critical, as it highlights the limitations of relying on external characteristics to judge individuals' behaviors within a group, which can be harmful and perpetuate social biases.